Maltese Dog Breed

The Maltese dog breed, also known as the Bichon Maltiase, is an ancient European variety originating on the island of Malta. The breed had been documented in text in 300 B.C., and 5th century Greek art featured dogs of their build and type. Some tombs were even built in their honor.

The dogs were considered a trading commodity in Malta, which consequently lead to healthy sub-populations in Europe and Asia; however, the island of Malta maintained a substantial breeding population to ensure the integrity of the bloodline.

The dogs made their way to England in the early 1300s and they instantly became popular amongst the women of wealthy estates. They would remain an upper class novelty for some time, and in 1830 a painting titled "The Lion Dog From Malta--Last of His Race" lead some to believe that the breed faced extinction. It was not long after that a breeding pair of Maltese from Manila were imported to England.

Their puppies would enter the show ring as "Maltese Terriers", and in 1877 they would be shown in America as "Maltese Lion Dogs". The lion reference was most likely because of their appearance in the ring. It was popular to cut their coats so that they resembled lions. The breed would be recognized by the AKC eleven years later in 1888.

Maltese Dog Breed: Temperament

The Maltese is a docile lapdog that enjoys fun and games with their family. They are said to have a "little dog complex" because they sometimes fearlessly fight with much bigger dogs in an attempt to show who is boss.

The Maltese is a serious watchdog that is naturally wary of visitors. Owners should expect them to have an affinity towards barking as a trait characteristic of the breed.

Maltese Dog Breed: Health

The Maltese should be considered an indoor dog even though it has a thick coat. The coat is not very functional and will require brushing every other day. Some people opt to have their dogs cut short to make the coat more manageable. Their exercise needs are very easy to satisfy, and can be met with a game or short walk.

There are no highly prevalent health risks for the breed; however, portacaval shunt, hypothyroidism, entropion, distichiasis, hydrocephalus, hypoglycemia, open fontanel, patellar luxation are seen to a lesser extent. Some may also have dental problems.

Most Maltese will live for 12-14 years.